KARATE
Karate is a martial art for self defense. It uses blocks, punches, kicks and methods of moving to avoid or defeat an attacker.
Karate was organized, systematized and perfected in Okinawa in the 17th century when the island was dominated by the Japanese, who forbid the use of weapons by the inhabitants. Consequently, Okinawa is considered to be the birthplace of karate. There are many styles of karate existing on Okinawa, such as Goju ryu, Ueichi ryu, Isshin ryu, Kempo, Shorin ryu and others. Each style is characterized by its own specific techniques, katas and philosophy. Recently karate has enjoyed widespread popularity because of its acceptance in America and Japan as an art which trains both mind and body.
In a wider sense, however, karate can be considered as a philosophy based on the belief that a sound mind is achieved through the development of a virtuous character and a sound body is achieved through vigorous training. Historically, karate was taught only to individuals considered "worthy" by the instructor, and then usually after, extreme character evaluation. It encompasses the concept of bushido, meaning "chivalry" or "the way of the warrior." One of the objectives of karate is the development of a spiritual attitude leading to humility and self restraint. Karate was developed to preserve human rights. It is got intended to be used aggressively or misused for selfish or cruel purposes. To do so would be a dishonor to the person using it that way. In its entirety, therefore, karate is an art, a philosophy and highly developed system of self defense.
True karateka (students of karate) constantly strive for excellence. They believe a person should not be complacent about learning and personal growth. Their karate training is reflected in every aspect of their daily living. As students of karate train their bodies to make them stronger and healthier, they also develop their minds and character. They aim at attaining the ideal of karate: the "peaceful warrior" who is a gentle person of compassion, courtesy and social responsibility. Such people demonstrate self mastery and are in harmony with the universe. They go through life with confidence and competence, free from vices and false values, having developed a heightened knowledge of self.
This is bushi no nasake, meaning "the tenderness of a warrior."
Instruction. Great emphasis is placed on basic movements in karate. Countless repetitions of these movements must be executed until the body and mind are completely integrated and the response patterns are automatic and precise.
One normally begins with the basic stances, aiming for balance, appropriate weight distribution and foundation. Movements such as blocks, punches and kicks are then developed and continually practiced. (This practice is kihon.) These movements are then integrated into a series of combinations. Paralleling the development of basic skills, one also learns the katas, which complement those skills by using them in hypothetical combat situations. As one progresses, more complex movements are learned.
Appropriate decorum is observed by each class beginning and ending with a formal bow.
Basic Concepts. Karate embodies certain principles which are fundamental to its performance and characteristic of it as a system of martial arts. One such concept is focus, which refers to the maximum concentration of mass at the point and the moment of impact of a particular blow. Speed is equally important the ability to intercept an adversary's attack and successfully counterattack. Balance, appropriate weight distribution, and foundation are essential concepts which determine the effectiveness of karate movements. Fluidity, which illustrates the necessary balance between focus and speed, involves knowing when to be loose and when to be tight. Appropriate breathing is an essential factor in the execution of movements. Basically, breathing should be harmonious with the type of move: inhaling when moving and exhaling on punches, kicks and blocks. It is vitally important to maintain a comprehensive appraisal of an adversary's intentions. For that reason, eye to eye contact should be maintained to avoid concentrating on distractive movements of an opponent. The psychological value of direct eye contact is also valuable. The art of kiai (yelling see glossary) is an important aspect of karate because it, too, has psychological impact, as well as serving to mobilize one's strength and responses. Courtesy (kune) is observed in all relations with teachers and fellow students.
Advancement. Advancement in karate is determined by the level of the student's performance and understanding as measured by his attitude, execution of katas, skill and knowledge. Kumite or sparring will correspond to the particular level of the student.
Ranking. Ranking and ability are denoted by belts, ranging from white through yellow, green and brown to black. Promotions are awarded when the student appears qualified. Advancement to a higher grade is accompanied by a certificate.

Karate demands hard work and patience. Participation in study of the art of karate is extremely gratifying, with further development and improvement always ahead. The rewards are immeasurable.